Ameloblastoma

Definition: An aggressive, locally invasive neoplasm originating from odontogenic epithelium.

Radiographic Features:

  • Location:
    • Most common: Posterior mandible and ramus
    • Can occur anywhere in maxilla or mandible
  • Edge: Well-defined to well-localized
  • Shape: Round to irregular
  • Internal:
    • Radiolucent
    • Unilocular or multilocular
    • Multilocular type described as ‘honeycomb’ or ‘soap bubble’ appearance
  • Number: Single

Key Diagnostic Signs:

  • Radiolucent lesion, often multilocular
  • Expansion of jaw
  • Root resorption of adjacent teeth

Clinical Significance:

  • Locally aggressive with high recurrence rate
  • Requires extensive surgical treatment
  • Can cause facial deformity if left untreated
  • Long-term follow-up essential due to recurrence risk

Note: Differential diagnosis is crucial, as other multilocular radiolucent lesions can mimic ameloblastoma. Biopsy is often necessary for definitive diagnosis. The ‘soap bubble’ appearance, while characteristic, is not unique to ameloblastoma.