Definition: Genetic disorder affecting enamel formation, resulting in altered enamel morphology while dentin and pulp develop normally.
Radiographic Features:
- Location: Affects enamel of all teeth
- Edge: Well-defined
- Shape:
- Enamel thickness: Thin to normal, may be absent
- Crowns often appear ‘square’ with open contacts
- Internal structure:
- Enamel (if present): Radiopaque, but less dense than normal enamel
- Dentin and pulp: Normal appearance
Key points:
- Four main types:
- Hypoplastic
- Hypocalcified
- Hypomaturation
- Hypomaturation-hypocalcified with taurodontism
- Affects all teeth in the dentition
- Teeth appear yellowish-brown clinically
Clinical significance:
- May lead to increased tooth sensitivity
- Aesthetic concerns due to discoloration
- Potential for increased wear and susceptibility to decay
- May require comprehensive dental treatment (e.g., crowns, veneers)
Note: Radiographic appearance may vary depending on the specific type of amelogenesis imperfecta. Genetic testing can confirm diagnosis and determine the specific type.