Cementoblastoma

Definition: A slow-growing benign neoplasm primarily composed of cementum-like tissue.

Radiographic Features:

  • Location:
    • Apex of a tooth, typically in: • Mandibular first molar region • Mandibular premolar region
  • Edge: Well-defined
  • Shape: Round to ovoid
  • Internal:
    • Mixed radiolucent/radiopaque
    • May appear completely radiopaque
  • Number: Single

Key Diagnostic Signs:

  • Radiopaque mass attached to tooth root
  • Associated tooth root resorption

Clinical Significance:

  • Often asymptomatic, discovered on routine radiographs
  • Can cause pain, swelling, or altered sensation if large
  • Treatment usually involves surgical removal with extraction of associated tooth
  • Rare recurrence after complete removal

Note: Cementoblastoma is considered a true neoplasm of cementum origin. Its attachment to the tooth root and associated root resorption are important diagnostic features distinguishing it from other periapical radiopacities.