Definition: A congenital defect resulting from failure of fusion of the maxillary developmental processes.
Radiographic Features:
- Location: Anterior maxilla
- Edge: Well-defined
- Shape: Linear
- Internal: Radiolucent
- Number:
- Single (unilateral)
- Multiple (bilateral)
Key Diagnostic Signs:
- Discontinuity of nasal cavity floor on panoramic radiograph
- Vertical radiolucent area extending inferiorly from nasal floor
- Possible associated alveolar ridge defect
Clinical Significance:
- Can cause feeding difficulties in infants
- May lead to speech and hearing problems
- Dental anomalies often associated (e.g., missing or supernumerary teeth)
- Requires multidisciplinary treatment approach
Note: Radiographic examination is an important part of treatment planning and follow-up, but diagnosis is primarily clinical. 3D imaging (CBCT) can provide more detailed information about the extent of the defect and aid in surgical planning.