Definition: A break in the crown portion of a tooth, often caused by trauma or extensive caries.
Radiographic Features:
- Location:
- Can affect any tooth
- More common in single-cusped teeth
- Maxillary incisors more frequently affected than mandibular incisors
- Edge: Sharp, well-defined line where a portion of the crown is missing
- Shape: Altered crown contour
- Internal structure: Radiolucent area corresponding to missing tooth structure
- Number: Can be single or multiple teeth affected
Key points:
- Classification based on extent:
- Enamel fracture
- Enamel-dentin fracture
- Enamel-dentin-pulp fracture
- May be horizontal, oblique, or vertical
Clinical significance:
- Can cause pain, sensitivity, and aesthetic concerns
- Risk of pulp exposure in deep fractures
- May require immediate intervention to prevent further damage or infection
- Treatment depends on fracture extent (from bonding to root canal therapy)
Note: Radiographs may not always detect small enamel fractures. Clinical examination and history are crucial for accurate diagnosis. Follow-up radiographs may be necessary to monitor for pulp vitality and potential complications.