Definition: A developmental anomaly characterized by an infolding of enamel from the occlusal or incisal surface into the tooth interior.
Radiographic Features:
- Location: Most commonly in maxillary lateral incisors’ root canals
- Edge: Well-defined
- Shape: Inverted teardrop appearance
- Internal structure: Radiopaque, with enamel-like density
- Number: Usually singular per tooth, but multiple teeth may be affected
Key points:
- Severity classification:
- Dens invaginatus: Minor infolding
- Dens in dente: Infolding ≥50% of canal space; tooth retains general shape
- Dilated odontome: Most severe; tooth loses general shape
- May cause enlargement of the root canal
Clinical significance:
- Increased risk of pulpal pathology due to communication with oral environment
- May complicate endodontic treatment
- Can affect tooth eruption and alignment
- Early detection crucial for appropriate management
Note: Thorough radiographic examination is essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. Advanced imaging (e.g., CBCT) may be necessary in complex cases.