Enostosis

Definition: A benign hyperplasia of bone within the jaws, also known as a dense bony island.

Radiographic Features:

  • Location: Can occur anywhere in maxilla or mandible
  • Edge:
    • Well-defined to well-localized
    • Continuous with surrounding bone trabeculae
  • Shape:
    • Variable
    • May be round, ovoid, or irregular
  • Internal:
    • Radiopaque
    • Radiopacity similar to cancellous bone
  • Number: Can be single or multiple

Key Diagnostic Sign:

  • Localized area of increased bone density within jaw

Clinical Significance:

  • Usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally
  • No treatment typically required
  • Important to differentiate from other radiopaque lesions

Note: Multiple enostoses throughout maxilla and/or mandible may indicate an underlying systemic condition such as Gardner’s Syndrome. In such cases, further evaluation is warranted.