Definition: A calcified concretion (stone) formed within a salivary gland duct.
Radiographic Features:
- Location:
- Most common: Submandibular salivary gland
- Less common: Parotid salivary gland
- Least common: Sublingual salivary gland
- Edge: Well-defined
- Shape: Smooth to irregular mass
- Internal:
- Radiopaque
- May show ‘laminated’ appearance (alternating radiopaque and radiolucent bands)
- Resembles layers of an onion due to continued calcium salt deposition
- Number: Typically single, but can be multiple
Key Diagnostic Signs:
- Radiopaque mass in salivary gland region
- Possible laminated internal structure
- May be visible near mandibular molar and premolar apices on periapicals
Clinical Significance:
- Can cause pain and swelling, especially during meals
- May lead to sialadenitis (gland inflammation) if left untreated
- Treatment often involves stone removal, either surgically or by minimally invasive techniques
Note: A mandibular true occlusal radiograph is recommended to determine the nature of the calcification. Differentiating sialoliths from other calcifications in the region is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment planning.