Definition: A fracture through the root of a tooth in a vertical or longitudinal direction.
Radiographic Features:
- Location:
- Can occur in any tooth
- Most commonly extends through the root canal space
- Edge: Well-defined
- Shape: Linear
- Internal structure: Radiolucent
- Other:
- May appear as an enlarged root canal space
- Separation of root segments may or may not be visible
- Number: Can be single or multiple teeth affected
Key points:
- Often difficult to detect on conventional radiographs
- More common in endodontically treated teeth
- May extend partially or fully through the root length
Clinical significance:
- Poor prognosis in most cases
- Often results in localized bone loss and periodontal defects
- Symptoms can mimic other conditions (e.g., failed root canal treatment)
- Usually requires extraction of the affected tooth
- Early detection is crucial to prevent further complications
Note: Multiple angled radiographs and advanced imaging techniques (e.g., CBCT) may be necessary for accurate diagnosis. Clinical signs and symptoms should be correlated with radiographic findings.